Quote 1 “The definition which the scripture gives us of love is this: ‘Love is the bond of perfection.’ [I]t is a bond or ligament. . . . There is no body but consists of parts and that which each part so contiguous to others as thereby they do mutually participate with each other, both in strength and infirmity, in pleasure and pain. . . . Christ and his church make one body. The several parts of this body, considered apart before they were united, were disproportionate and as much disordering as so many contrary qualities or elements, [however, when united], it is become the most perfect and best proportioned body in the world[.]”
In this quote, I believe that Winthrop is tell us readers that being united and together is the key concept. The body is being represented to show how things should come together like a whole body and become one colony so to speak. When the colony is strong in religion, economy and just strong as one, they become one strong body . When they work together to create the colony, they are showing how they can be a strong colony as one.
Quote 2 “Whatsoever we did or ought to have done when we lived in England, the same must we do, and more also, where we go.”
I believe this quote means that the colony wants to improve more. When it states, “ whatsoever we did or ought to have done when we lived in England”, this shows me the reader that the colonist was thinking back and realized that when they lived in England, they wanted to do better and now they want to change those mistakes and improve as a colony. Most importantly, when it states “the same must we do, and more also, where we go”, shows readers that they would like to spread their newer ideas and motivate others in religion, and about colonization.
Quote 3 “Thus stands the cause between God and us. We are entered into covenant with him for this work. We have taken out a commission, the Lord hath given us leave to draw our own articles. We have professed to enterprise these actions . . . . Now if the Lord shall please to hear us, and bring us in peace to the place we desire, then hath he ratified this covenant and sealed our commission, [and] will expect a strict performance of the articles contained in it.”
I believe that this quote tells us readers that the Puritans believed that they were like on a mission for God’s work. They were sent to purify the colony and to create a pure world. The Puritans believed that if they spread their religion, it will cause peace and purity and that God will be ecstatic with their actions and that they will be rewarded when they die, they will be sent to heaven with God.
Quote 4 “[W]hen he shall make us a praise and glory that men shall say of succeeding [colonies], ‘the Lord make it like that of New England.’ For we must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us[.]”
In this quote, I believe that Winthrop is giving us readers to be more religious. First of all, I believe that this quote means, when you live in the city upon a hill, it shows how you want to be close to God. The higher you are elevated, the closer you would feel with God. Also, this quote could mean to be a key example because where it states, “ the eyes of all people are upon us” tells us the readers that people are looking up to them and sort of appreciate them more.
Friday, October 10, 2008
Library Search
My experience with JSTOR was a little frustrated. When I would type in the key word, what I'm looking for does not always come up. Not only does it not come up but, articles and magazine clips of things I did not even want came up instead. But, other than that little mishap, JSTOR is a very useful source and I could see myself using it for any essay or writing piece that I would be doing. During my search on JSTOR, I would type in the first key word "Bacon's Rebellion" and then my second key word would be "Indians" and a list of about 9 or 10 different pages of articles came up. In these articles I would read of conflicts between the English people and the Natives during Bacon's Rebellion and I would also find old worlds and new worlds that the Natives lived in and how their land changed from old to new. On my second search, I typed in "Virginia" for my first key word and for my second key word, I typed in "Bacon's Rebellion". With these key words, articles of about 20-25 pages came up. One article that I really enjoyed informed me about the history of Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia, but what makes this piece different from all the other pieces on Bacon's Rebellion is that, this article was more in depth and explained why and what happened in depth and, this article also informed me about the in depth situation between the Governor and the Rebel. When I use JSTOR in the future, I will be more specific in the dates,years, title, and especially in my key word(s) to get exactly what I am looking for.
Citations:
1.
Bacon's Rebellion
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 9, No. 1 (Jul., 1900), pp. 1-10
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1914836
2.
The Alteration in the Relationship between Leadership and Constituents in Virginia, 1660 to 1720
John C. Rainbolt
The William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series, Vol. 27, No. 3 (Jul., 1970), pp. 411-434
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
3.
Isle of Wight County: Papers Relating to Bacon's Rebellion
Lyon G. Tyler
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Oct., 1895), pp. 111-115
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1915052
Citations:
1.
Bacon's Rebellion
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 9, No. 1 (Jul., 1900), pp. 1-10
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1914836
2.
The Alteration in the Relationship between Leadership and Constituents in Virginia, 1660 to 1720
John C. Rainbolt
The William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series, Vol. 27, No. 3 (Jul., 1970), pp. 411-434
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
3.
Isle of Wight County: Papers Relating to Bacon's Rebellion
Lyon G. Tyler
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Oct., 1895), pp. 111-115
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1915052
Wednesday, October 8, 2008
National College Fair
1. Public College:
University of Washington
2.Private College:
St. John University
3. Rural College:
Western Trinity University
4. A traditional college:
Michigan State University
5. A college that I was most interested in was University of Washington in Seattle. University of Seattle caught my eye because firstly, its near home and I will be close to family and friends. Secondly, University of Washington is also known for their medical and their pre-dentistry programs. University of Washington was on the top 20 colleges for the pre-medical and pre-dentistry program.
6. I attended a workshop that helps you with your college essay. This workshop taught me the importance of the Essay. The workshop taught me:
-To write only about you.
-Write the importance of you essay.
-Speak formal.
-Seem Professional.
-Make it a personal statement. Make the first impression good.
-Stay on topic.
-Be yourself and remember to present yourself on paper.
-Let them know who YOU are that is the key point of the Essay.
-Most importantly, FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS!!!
7. Attending the National College Fair was a great learning experience for me as an individual. The most information that was most useful to me was the workshop. In the workshop, I learned how to write an essay, and the importance of an essay. Another useful information that I learned is the general score of the SAT and ACT test, and most importantly, what school actually has a pre-dentistry program. Although I already asked multiple questions at the fair, I still wonder which school will accept early college programs like PSEC and Running Start. For the next phase of my education and career planning process is, to work harder at math since math has to be a key component to become an orthodontist. I will also be studying more long and work harder on my SAT and ACT scores. Lastly, I will work my way into getting some sort of sccholarship, and start to sommunicate with the colleges I have admired from the National College Fair.
University of Washington
2.Private College:
St. John University
3. Rural College:
Western Trinity University
4. A traditional college:
Michigan State University
5. A college that I was most interested in was University of Washington in Seattle. University of Seattle caught my eye because firstly, its near home and I will be close to family and friends. Secondly, University of Washington is also known for their medical and their pre-dentistry programs. University of Washington was on the top 20 colleges for the pre-medical and pre-dentistry program.
6. I attended a workshop that helps you with your college essay. This workshop taught me the importance of the Essay. The workshop taught me:
-To write only about you.
-Write the importance of you essay.
-Speak formal.
-Seem Professional.
-Make it a personal statement. Make the first impression good.
-Stay on topic.
-Be yourself and remember to present yourself on paper.
-Let them know who YOU are that is the key point of the Essay.
-Most importantly, FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS!!!
7. Attending the National College Fair was a great learning experience for me as an individual. The most information that was most useful to me was the workshop. In the workshop, I learned how to write an essay, and the importance of an essay. Another useful information that I learned is the general score of the SAT and ACT test, and most importantly, what school actually has a pre-dentistry program. Although I already asked multiple questions at the fair, I still wonder which school will accept early college programs like PSEC and Running Start. For the next phase of my education and career planning process is, to work harder at math since math has to be a key component to become an orthodontist. I will also be studying more long and work harder on my SAT and ACT scores. Lastly, I will work my way into getting some sort of sccholarship, and start to sommunicate with the colleges I have admired from the National College Fair.
They Say 2: Bacon's Rebellion
Based on what I have read, Bacon's Rebellion was basically about the poor getting their revenge to the rich and to the Natives. In the Howard Zinn document, he is telling us readers how and why the colonists decided to rebel. The rebellion "was an uprising of angry, poor colonists against two groups they saw as their enemies. One was the Indians. The other was the colonists' own rich and privileged leaders"(35). The less fortunate felt like they were being cheated and that the rich and the Natives were being privileged for no transparent reason. As for others like Bacon, "[they] cared more about fighting Indians than about helping the poor"(37). When Bacon brought his ideas to the council, Berkeley denied his plan and Bacon and the other colonists felt betrayed. What Bacon wanted was "the colony's leaders to fight the Indians, but the politicians and big landowners who ran the colony wouldn't fight [...] because they were using some of the Indians as spies and allies against the others" (36, Zinn). Those who were living well did not have any issues towards the Indians living in Virginia.
From Berkeley's actions, Bacon and his followers "attacked the peaceful Indian village"(78,Puglisi). After Bacon attacked the neighboring Indians, it became a statues of colonists versus Indians. Indians felt threatened by the colonists attack. So, "Opechancanough, the Algonquian chief who had lead the Indian uprising of 1622 in Virginia, mounted another surprise attack in 1644 and killed about five hundred Virginia colonists in two days"(91). The Indians and the colonists fought for nearly two years and all that fighting led up to the colonists "gain[ing] the upper hand, capturing and murdering the old chief"(91). No matter what the Indians did, the colonists always had the higher advantages and gained more than expected. Once the treaty has been made, the Chesapeake population did not grow but, the policy worked on maintaining the peace between colonist and Indians.
Unfortunately, "the land-hungry colonists, especially [the] poor"(91) had to free their servants. More and more colonists had to let go of their servants and slowly was in desperate need of land. The colonists broke the treaty and went onto Indian territory to settle. Since the treaty had broke, the Indians flared in wrath and showed their emotions in violence. The colonists looked to their dear faithful leader Bacon for help and he started to show the colonists that the real enemies are "the Indians and the colonial rulers in Jamestown"(91). From this revolting action, "[Berkeley] called for [a] new elections of burgesses"(92). What Berkeley did not think of is, all of the old burgesses were voted off of office and were now replaced by other local leader which also included Bacon. After Bacon has the power of the legislature, he could change what he liked and what he did not like. Bacon had "[fought] for three months, [and] Bacon's forces fought the Indians, sacked the grandees' plantations, and attacked Jamestown"(92). Bacon is the worst thing that could ever happen in Virginia.
Unexpectedly, Bacon died at the age of twenty-two. Once Bacon died, so did the rebellion. Berkeley started to gain power again, and things started to come back into order. Berkeley ended up killing twenty-three rebel leaders, took all weapons away from the rebels and returned the servants and slaves back to their masters. Things started to clear up once again in Virginia. As for the economy, " [t]he frontiersmen were taxed and controlled by the rich upper classes in Jamestown. And the whole colony, rich and poor, was being used by England. The colonists grew tobacco to sell to England"(38,Zinn). The king of England made a humongous profit from the colonies in Virginia. In the eighteenth century, the population grew to about a million and a half. Factories , agriculture,shiping and trading grew. From Bacon's Rebellion, we have all learned that "the language of liberty and equaliity"(51,Zinn) is the best tool of all.
From Berkeley's actions, Bacon and his followers "attacked the peaceful Indian village"(78,Puglisi). After Bacon attacked the neighboring Indians, it became a statues of colonists versus Indians. Indians felt threatened by the colonists attack. So, "Opechancanough, the Algonquian chief who had lead the Indian uprising of 1622 in Virginia, mounted another surprise attack in 1644 and killed about five hundred Virginia colonists in two days"(91). The Indians and the colonists fought for nearly two years and all that fighting led up to the colonists "gain[ing] the upper hand, capturing and murdering the old chief"(91). No matter what the Indians did, the colonists always had the higher advantages and gained more than expected. Once the treaty has been made, the Chesapeake population did not grow but, the policy worked on maintaining the peace between colonist and Indians.
Unfortunately, "the land-hungry colonists, especially [the] poor"(91) had to free their servants. More and more colonists had to let go of their servants and slowly was in desperate need of land. The colonists broke the treaty and went onto Indian territory to settle. Since the treaty had broke, the Indians flared in wrath and showed their emotions in violence. The colonists looked to their dear faithful leader Bacon for help and he started to show the colonists that the real enemies are "the Indians and the colonial rulers in Jamestown"(91). From this revolting action, "[Berkeley] called for [a] new elections of burgesses"(92). What Berkeley did not think of is, all of the old burgesses were voted off of office and were now replaced by other local leader which also included Bacon. After Bacon has the power of the legislature, he could change what he liked and what he did not like. Bacon had "[fought] for three months, [and] Bacon's forces fought the Indians, sacked the grandees' plantations, and attacked Jamestown"(92). Bacon is the worst thing that could ever happen in Virginia.
Unexpectedly, Bacon died at the age of twenty-two. Once Bacon died, so did the rebellion. Berkeley started to gain power again, and things started to come back into order. Berkeley ended up killing twenty-three rebel leaders, took all weapons away from the rebels and returned the servants and slaves back to their masters. Things started to clear up once again in Virginia. As for the economy, " [t]he frontiersmen were taxed and controlled by the rich upper classes in Jamestown. And the whole colony, rich and poor, was being used by England. The colonists grew tobacco to sell to England"(38,Zinn). The king of England made a humongous profit from the colonies in Virginia. In the eighteenth century, the population grew to about a million and a half. Factories , agriculture,shiping and trading grew. From Bacon's Rebellion, we have all learned that "the language of liberty and equaliity"(51,Zinn) is the best tool of all.
Tuesday, October 7, 2008
They Say: Bacon's Rebellion
Based on what I have read, Bacon's Rebellion was basically about the poor getting their revenge to the rich and to the Natives. In the Howard Zinn document, he is telling us readers how and why the colonists decided to rebel. The rebellion "was an uprising of angry, poor colonists against two groups they saw as their enemies. One was the Indians. The other was the colonists' own rich and privileged leaders"(35). The less fortunate felt like they were being cheated and that the rich and the Natives were being privileged for no transparent reason. As for others like Bacon, "[they] cared more about fighting Indians than about helping the poor"(37). When Bacon brought his ideas to the council, Berkeley denied his plan and Bacon and the other colonists felt betrayed. From Berkeley's actions, Bacon and his followers "attacked the peaceful Indian village, located in the Dragon Swamp"(78,Puglisi). Bacon clearly had prejudice views towards the Indians and his followers followed.
Wednesday, October 1, 2008
Political Economy of the Body
" [T]he body is. . . directly involved in a political field; power relations have an immediate hold upon it; they invest it, mark it, train it, torture it, force it to carry out tasks, no perfection ceremonies, to emit signs" (25).
I believe that this quote is about how slaves were being treated. Where it states, "they invested it, marked it. . . train it", it shows us the readers how the slave masters thought of their slaves. The slave masters would have to teach and train their slaves to their perfection. This quote also shows how much power the master has against his/her slave. For example, where it states, "involved in a political field; power relations have an immediate hold upon it", this shows the perfect example of the relationship of master and slave. The master has the immediate power and the slave has absolutely no power.
"[I]t is largely as a force of production that the body is invested with relations of power and domination; but, on the other hand, its constitution as labour power is possible only if it is caught up in a system of subjection. . . the body becomes a useful force only if it is both a productive body and a subjected body" (26).
In this quote, it tells us the readers what a slave represents. In the first line, "productions that the body is invested with relations of power and domination", this shows how investments that are made on slaves shows others that you have the power and you dominate your slave. This quote also tells us what slaves bodies are only good for. For example, " The body becomes a useful force only if it is both a productive body and a subjected body", this shows an example of what a majority of people though of slaves. Slaves bodies are only useful if they have a great work ethic and if they work well, fast and willingly.
"In the darkest region of the political field the condemned man represents the symmetrical, inverted figure of the king"
I believe that this quote represents a condemned man as the figure of the king. As we all know, a king is not a condemned man but, a king could have his moments. Foucault tries to tell us readers that the condemned man represents the king when he uses the workds symmetrical and inverted figure of the king.
I believe that this quote is about how slaves were being treated. Where it states, "they invested it, marked it. . . train it", it shows us the readers how the slave masters thought of their slaves. The slave masters would have to teach and train their slaves to their perfection. This quote also shows how much power the master has against his/her slave. For example, where it states, "involved in a political field; power relations have an immediate hold upon it", this shows the perfect example of the relationship of master and slave. The master has the immediate power and the slave has absolutely no power.
"[I]t is largely as a force of production that the body is invested with relations of power and domination; but, on the other hand, its constitution as labour power is possible only if it is caught up in a system of subjection. . . the body becomes a useful force only if it is both a productive body and a subjected body" (26).
In this quote, it tells us the readers what a slave represents. In the first line, "productions that the body is invested with relations of power and domination", this shows how investments that are made on slaves shows others that you have the power and you dominate your slave. This quote also tells us what slaves bodies are only good for. For example, " The body becomes a useful force only if it is both a productive body and a subjected body", this shows an example of what a majority of people though of slaves. Slaves bodies are only useful if they have a great work ethic and if they work well, fast and willingly.
"In the darkest region of the political field the condemned man represents the symmetrical, inverted figure of the king"
I believe that this quote represents a condemned man as the figure of the king. As we all know, a king is not a condemned man but, a king could have his moments. Foucault tries to tell us readers that the condemned man represents the king when he uses the workds symmetrical and inverted figure of the king.
American Tobacco and European Consumers
In the seventeenth –century, tobacco became a necessity to everyday life. The Chesapeake colonies first started to grow the tobacco and eventually started to double the crops. In the East, many Europeans wanted tobacco but others like King James found Tobacco repulsive. The Spaniards were the firsts to bring tobacco into Europe. At first, many physicians believed that tobacco was a drug or a holy herb that could cure diseases and keep you healthy. Europeans soon became addicted to tobacco and in the 1700 England had imported about 40 millions pounds of tobacco and from the multiplied size of tobacco, prices increased. From tobacco many new industries and social life began to surface. Pipes were being made and tins or boxes were also being made in order to hold the tobacco. Tobacco was also used other than smoking. Tobacco was also used by chewing, sniffing, and drinking. In conclusion, tobacco became a key factor to everyday life for Europeans and changed European living.
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